2019-12-04 11:33:43
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学习剑桥少儿英语,不断的掌握积累英语词汇是必须的,但是我们不能忽略了其中的英语动词部分,不同的动词也会有不同的用法,情态动词,顾名思义,是用来表示说话人的语言、态度和情感。今天小编就为大家带来其中的英语动词can的用法介绍,下面就和小编一起看看吧。

情态动词can与could的用法归纳:
1. 表示能力
(1) 表示现在的能力,用can,如:
He can (=He is able to) swim. 他会游泳。
He can speak English well. 他英语能说得很好。
I can’t remember where I put it. 我记不得把它放在那儿了。
(2) 表示将来的能力,通常用will / shall be able to,如:
I shall be able to come tomorrow. 明天我能来。
One day people will be able to go to the moon on holiday. 总有一天人们可以到月球上去度假。
但是,若表示现在决定将来是否有能力做某事,则可用 can,如:
Can you come to the party tonight?你今晚能来参加我们的聚会吗?
(3) 表示过去的能力。
① 若泛指过去的能力,可用could,如:
I could run faster then. 我那时能跑得更快一些。
②若表示过去特定场合做某事的能力,则不能用could,而用was / were able to do sth.,或用 managed to do sth,或用 succeeded in doing sth 等。如:
He studied hard and was able to pass the exam. 他学习很努力,所以考试能及格。
= He studied hard and managed to pass the exam.
= He studied hard and succeeded in passing the exam.
误:She could jump into the sea before the ship was blown up. 船爆炸之前,她跳进了大海。
正:She was able to jump into the sea before the ship was blown up.
注:在下列情况,could也可表示过去特定的能力:
①在否定句中,could和was / were able to可通用。如:
I couldn’t / wasn’t able to see him before he left. 他离开之前我没有再见到他。
②could与see, hear, smell, taste, feel, understand等表示感知的动词连用时。如:
I can hear you easily from here. 我在这儿就能很轻易地听到你的话。
Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. 接着他说得慢了,但是我听不懂他的话。
③could用在间接引语中时。如:
He said he could finish the work next week. 他说他下周能完成工作。
顺便说一下,be able to还可用于完成时, 如:
I’m sorry I haven’t been able to come earlier. 对不起,我没有能够来得更早一些。
He said he had not been able to answer your letter. 他说他一直没能给你回信。
2. 表示许可
(1) 对于现在或将来的许可,用can或could均可,但could 语气更委婉, 如:
Can / Could I smoke in here? 我可以在这儿吸烟吗?
You can't pick the ball up in football. 踢足球时不许可用手持球。
I could come tomorrow if you like. 如果你愿意,明天我可以来。
② 表示自己允许别人做某事时, 答语应用can或may,而不用 could。如:
--Could / Can I use your pen? 我可以借用你的钢笔吗?
误:-- Yes, of course you could. 当然可以。
正:--Yes, of course you can / may.
(2) 对于过去的许可。 若表示过去一般性允许用could;表示过去特定的允许,则不用 could,而需换成其它表达,如had permission, was / were allowed to。如:
When I lived at home, I could watch TV whenever I wanted to. 我住在家里时, 想什么时候看电视就什么时候看。(一般性允许)
I was allowed to see the film yesterday evening. 昨天晚上允许我去看了电影。(特定的允许)
can 和 could 表示允许的用法:
表示现在的允许时,若是请求别人允许自己做某事,两者均可用,但用could 语气更委婉;若是自己允许别人做某事,一般只用 can,而不用 could。如:
Can [Could] I come in? 我可以进来吗?
“Could [Can] I use your pen? ” “Yes, of course you can.” “我可以借用你的钢笔吗?”“当然可以。”(不能说Yes, you could.)
表示过去的允许时,若表示过去一般性允许(即表示某人随时都可以做某事),用could;若表示在过去某一特定情况下允许进行某一特定的活动,则不用 could。如:
When I lived at home, I could watch TV whenever I wanted to. 我住在家里时, 想什么时候看电影就可以什么时候看。(一般性允许)
I was allowed to see the film yesterday evening. 昨天晚上允许我去看了电影。(特定的允许,不能用 could)
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